Showing posts with label History. Show all posts
The
re-launch of the Telangana movement announced by the Telangana
Political Joint Action committee (TJAC) has exposed the widening rift
between the action committee and TRS with the latter claiming that they were not consulted on the issue. However, TJAC chairman M Kodandaram on Monday denied any such rift and said they would conduct a meeting with TRS leaders soon on the issue. However, TJAC's unilateral decision to the re-launch the agitation seems to have not gone well with TRS supremo K Chandrashekar Rao. "TJAC did not invite the TRS for the meeting when the plans for the agitation were finalised. However, we appreciate their efforts to revive the separate Telangana agitation. The TRS politburo will take a decision on mode of its participation in the movement soon," said Etela Rajendra, TRS floor leader in the legislative assembly.
The latest political developments, which are apparently drawing the YSR Congress closer to the Congress because of which the announcement on Telangana might be put off, has made the TRS jittery and is actively considering reviving the agitation. "Reports of our differences with the TRS are baseless. We will invite all the political parties supporting the Telangana cause and the TRS will not be an exception. Since we are into preparatory works, we did not speak to the political leaders. We will do so subsequently," said M Kodandaram, chairman of TJAC.
The TJAC is planning to conduct a 'Chalo Hyderabad' protest on the lines of Tahrir Square agitation in Egypt on September 30. Kodandaram said the TJAC was trying to re-group its rank and file for the forthcoming agitation. A steering committee has been appointed to mobilize the support accordingly, meetings would be held in Hyderabad and Nalgonda on August 2 and 3 respectively.
Kodandaram said the preparatory works would continue till August 15 and the agitation would tentatively start on the independence day with activities like padayatra at district level that would culminate in Chalo Hyderabad on September 30.
The southwest monsoon began with a lull and remained sluggish through June, accounting for 39 per cent deficit in that month. However, the state saw a revival in July, as regular rain pushed the total rainfall five per cent above normal. The trend continued into the first few days of August.
The total rainfall as of August 3 was 283.1 mm, nine per cent below the normal of 311.6 mm. In most parts of the state, the rainfall remained within the ‘normal’ range (defined as 19 per cent deviation), except in Karimnagar and Adilabad, where it was in deficit and Krishna district, where it was in excess.
While the acreage under most crops is above 50 per cent of the normal level for the season, it remained below the halfway mark in paddy, onion, sunflower and chillies. In contrast, the acreage under cotton and soybean exceeded the normal level.
Officials said the sluggish rain in June was the cause behind the relatively low acreage under these crops. On paddy, they said water was released last week and the acreage is expected to increase as transplantation picks up. According to officials, the crop holiday being observed by paddy farmers in 11 mandals of East Godavari was over an extent of 45,000 hectares. The total targeted area for the crop in the state is 2.87 million hectares in kharif and 1.7 million hectares in rabi. “As such, the area under holiday is small and would not impact the production target of 9.1 million tonnes in kharif,” the official said.
However, the issue drew the attention of the chief minister, who on August 1 asked the district collector to enumerate the labourers in need of additional employment programmes in the wake of the crop holiday.
The official view of the issue is that there was 32 per cent excess production of paddy in the last rabi season, and due to a shortage of storage capacity, the produce could not be lifted either by rice millers or by the government agencies. The government said it had sanctioned Rs 2,100 crore to the civil supplies department for procurement of 2.2 million tonnes of paddy. It was also considering construction of new godown space for 180,000 tonnes in the next one-and-a-half years, along with taking one million tonne space available with the central agencies in the state. At present, the godown space in the state is 4.3 million tonnes.
Region-wise, the cultivated area in irrigated districts remained less than 50 percent as of August 3, while it was above that level in districts falling broadly in the rainfed region. Officials say this is because the sowing in irrigated areas would pick up after the release of water, while in other areas, it proceeds according to the rain.
HYDERABAD: Fifty four years can be a long time, even a lifetime. But in the history of cities and civilizations, 54 years is possibly just a phase. A phase that has been long enough for Hyderabad to emerge as the centre of gravity drawing people from across Andhra Pradesh, but too short a period for these cultures to integrate with each other.
People from Andhra and Telangana regions may have coexisted for over five decades, but there has seemingly been no room for fusion of the two distinct cultures.
Andhra Pradesh was formed in 1956 and ever since there has been an influx of people to Hyderabad, the bone of contention currently in the ongoing agitation for a separate Telangana state. The city may have retained its 'city of Nizams' title, but it has a rather heterogenous character.
People from Seemandhra rub shoulders with those from Telangana, many of whom are the original inhabitants of Hyderabad, but the two cultures have remained distinctly different.
It is only obvious that at the heart of the Telangana agitation are the cultural differences between people of the two regions. The coexistence of the last many years does not reflect in the way the city lives. The Telugu dialect spoken by people of each region remains distinct and so do the festivals- Bathukamma is strictly a Telangana festival and Sankranti that of Andhra. Save a few, there have been no marriages that bond the two regions.
"People in Hyderabad (from other regions) have strong linkages with their native places so they go back to their villages for festivals and this is possibly a strong reason why the identities are so distinct," says social scientist C Ramachandraiah, who hails from Kadapa and has lived in Hyderabad for the last 15 years.
There are many, however, who maintain that they have merged with the city's social and cultural fabric, made it their own over the years and thus hate the word "settlers" used to describe them. Andhra man N Ramachandra Rao, a senior executive with an IT firm says, "There are more things common than uncommon among the people of the two regions. People from both sides are patient and respect each other." He goes on to cite examples of the marriages in his own family to people from Telangana region. That these were not arranged marriages doesn't matter, he says pointing out how the families from the two regions have indeed bonded culturally and even in the way they live. "They love bagara rice as much as the food from Andhra cuisine," Rao says.
But ask people from Telangana region and they find Ramachandra Rao's explanation not entirely agreeable. They say that people of the two regions never really mixed with each other, with those hailing from Andhra staying away from all that was local. "They behaved like migrants to Hyderabad and not its residents. They came with a colonial attitude and did not make any attempt to integrate with locals whatsoever," says 'T' supporter Madhusudan Reddy, former professor of political science at Osmania University. "They turned Bathukamma into an aboriginal festival and used cinema to impose their colonial superiority while caricaturing the man from Telangana region as a buffoon," Reddy says, pointing out how there can be no cultural integration when the underlying sentiments are laced with arrogance.
What has further widened the divide is the dominance of the Telugu dialect as spoken in the Andhra region. In the corridors of power it is the dialect of Krishna district that passes off as the official language, the Telangana dialect reduced to a country cousin identity. Apart from language, there has also been considerable influence of Andhra culture and cuisine on Hyderabad, something which has not gone down well with the people who call themselves the original Hyderabadis.
Andhra food is most easily found in the streets of the city while there are no joints serving Telangana food. "But you can't blame people from Andhra if those from Telangana failed to showcase their cuisine," says realtor Ashwin Rao, who hails from Telangana region but finds the lack of cultural integration a flawed line. On the contrary, he says that Andhra food available in the twin cities and enjoying the same popularity as Hyderabadi biryani are good examples of integration. While the cuisines may have retained their original character, there is ample room for both, he says.
Ramchandraiah further notes that the identities of people from the two regions could be distinct but given that the language spoken by both is the same, albeit in different dialects, the difference is not so stark. "It does not feel too different when you interact with a person from Telangana as it would if it was say a Punjabi or Bengali, where the language is totally different," he says.
What has prevented any "real integration", say Telangana Hyderabadis is the "white man's burden" that the city's residents hailing from Andhra region seem to carry. "The fruits of Arthur Cotton's green revolution have been enjoyed more by the people of the plains (Andhra region) than people in the Deccan and so the land there (in Andhra region) is fertile. So a person from the plains is different from the one from the hilly, rugged Deccan terrain. So they (those from Andhra) have assumed a sense of superiority," says T Vivek, convenor, Telangana History Society.
He further states that Marathis and Gujaratis too spoke to people from Telangana but there was never any problem like the way there was when a person from Andhra would speak to someone from Deccan land. Citing cultural integration with other sections, Vivek says the Dakhani word, 'kaiku', carries the influence of Marathi, Urdu and even Persian.
What kept the people of the two regions socially and culturally alienated was also economics. "People from Andhra had both control and access to government funds. They enjoyed dominance in a critical combination of politics, bureaucracy and industries," says writer and T supporter Bharath Bhushan, who has authored a book on Telangana.
Those like hotelier P Venugopal from Kukatpally wonder what the fuss is all about. He recollects enjoying best of both the regions since his childhood and not really finding any difference. He doesn't agree with the argument of financial dominance, citing examples of people from Telangana doing very well. Also, Ashwin Rao notes that people from Andhra have been more industrious and thus successful in contrast to the laidback nature of people from Telangana, which is again rooted in the history of the two parts of the state - one that was directly under the British and enjoyed a systematic revenue system, making land owners more hardworking to generate more revenue from their land, and another under the Nizams where only part of the revenue earned from the land went to the 'raja' and the rest to the Nizams. Given the poor returns, the amount of labour invested was also less. And, hence, the broad dissimilarity between the attitudes of the two sets of people, which of course has enough exceptions.
But then economics has also brought people from the two regions closer in some cases. Take for instance, U Venkateshwara Rao from Guntur and Prakash Reddy from Hyderabad. The duo have been close friends for over two decades now and even started a business venture. Two years ago they constructed a residential building Jay Sridevi Homes in Madhapur. Predictably, there are no regional differences between the two, though they are unable to come up with instances of any integration.
Integration or not, people of the two regions are at one level more similar than dissimilar but at another as different as chalk and cheese. The Telangana household serves tea and the Andhra household serves coffee, the morning ritual remaining unaffected by the neighbour of many years from another region. T Vivek says, "Hyderabad's history is 400 years old and Dakhani culture has evolved over this period. This is too short a period for any integration to happen." Or is it?
A Roll of Honour of the Telangana Martyrs of 1969, Who laid down their lives for seperate Telangana state in 1969.
The eldest son of Mr.Pasham Vengal Reddy of cherlapally, Mahaboob Nagar District, died in the same incident, in which Mr.Prakash Kumar involved incident of Jamai Osmania Railway Station on 28th March, 1969 He completed his P U C in Gadwal, Mahboob Nagar District and he was the student of B.E 4th year. He was eloquent speaker and good sportsmen. He left behind three younger brothers, two sisters and aged parents, to be mean his death. He was burnt in Jamai Osamania Railway Station and died in Gandhi Hospital, Secunderabad revealing the henious crimes of the police in his dying declaration. His last words were “Jai Telangana”. Mr.Sarva Reddy died but lives for ever, in the memory of the people of Telangana in general and his native village which was named after as” Sarva Reddy Nagar”. He was the spark for the revolution that engulfed in Gadwal areaOn return, his friends had to force open his room. “He was found hanging. We immediately shifted him to the hospital where doctors pronounced him dead,” said Amarender, his roommate.
As the news spread, emotionally charged students began to assemble in large numbers at his hostel, Arts College and the hospital. The police rushed para-military units sealing the Tarnaka and NCC gate entry points.
The students prevented shifting of the body to the morgue for post-mortem. “First, announce that the body would be allowed to be taken to Gun Park at Assembly and then to the campus. Otherwise, there is no question of moving the body from here,” they argued.
The police resorted to mild lathi-charge when some students tried to take the body onto the main road. Some students staged a sit-in placing the body on the ground.
The impasse continued till 8.30 p.m. when State Human Rights Commission, responding to a petition from students, ordered that the nine-member OU committee constituted by it earlier take a decision.
Six panel members, led by the Commission's member Ismail, then decided to allow the funeral procession from the hospital to Gun Park at Assembly. The body was taken to Gun Park later.
Sai Kumar a student of College of Technology in Osmania University ‘ended his life' on Tuesday rekindling pro-Telangana passions on the campus. Tension gripped the Gandhi hospital where autopsy was to be conducted, when police caned the students.
Twenty-year-old Meegada Sai Kumar, in a suicide note purportedly written by him, stated that he was sacrificing his life for Telangana. “Without reposing the trust in politicians, we should achieve Telangana. Take out my funeral procession to the Assembly,” the note said.
A second-year student of Chemical Engineering branch, Kumar is from Kapugal village in Kodad mandal of Nalgonda. He told his roommate in the morning that he would not attend classes since he was going home for the Ugadi festival.
On return, his friends had to force open his room. “He was found hanging. We immediately shifted him to the hospital where doctors pronounced him dead,” said Amarender, his roommate.
As the news spread, emotionally charged students began to assemble in large numbers at his hostel, Arts College and the hospital. The police rushed para-military units sealing the Tarnaka and NCC gate entry points.
The students prevented shifting of the body to the morgue for post-mortem. “First, announce that the body would be allowed to be taken to Gun Park at Assembly and then to the campus. Otherwise, there is no question of moving the body from here,” they argued.
The police resorted to mild lathi-charge when some students tried to take the body onto the main road. Some students staged a sit-in placing the body on the ground.
The impasse continued till 8.30 p.m. when State Human Rights Commission, responding to a petition from students, ordered that the nine-member OU committee constituted by it earlier take a decision.
Six panel members, led by the Commission's member Ismail, then decided to allow the funeral procession from the hospital to Gun Park at Assembly. The body was taken to Gun Park later.
Twenty-year-old Meegada Sai Kumar, in a suicide note purportedly written by him, stated that he was sacrificing his life for Telangana. “Without reposing the trust in politicians, we should achieve Telangana. Take out my funeral procession to the Assembly,” the note said.
A second-year student of Chemical Engineering branch, Kumar is from Kapugal village in Kodad mandal of Nalgonda. He told his roommate in the morning that he would not attend classes since he was going home for the Ugadi festival.
On return, his friends had to force open his room. “He was found hanging. We immediately shifted him to the hospital where doctors pronounced him dead,” said Amarender, his roommate.
As the news spread, emotionally charged students began to assemble in large numbers at his hostel, Arts College and the hospital. The police rushed para-military units sealing the Tarnaka and NCC gate entry points.
The students prevented shifting of the body to the morgue for post-mortem. “First, announce that the body would be allowed to be taken to Gun Park at Assembly and then to the campus. Otherwise, there is no question of moving the body from here,” they argued.
The police resorted to mild lathi-charge when some students tried to take the body onto the main road. Some students staged a sit-in placing the body on the ground.
The impasse continued till 8.30 p.m. when State Human Rights Commission, responding to a petition from students, ordered that the nine-member OU committee constituted by it earlier take a decision.
Six panel members, led by the Commission's member Ismail, then decided to allow the funeral procession from the hospital to Gun Park at Assembly. The body was taken to Gun Park later.
The Girglani Commision’s Final Report, was handed over to the government on September 30, 2004. Four-and-a-half months later the Report was laid on the table of the Assembly on February 16, 2004. The only follow-up action that the government has taken is the nomination of a group of ministers and dispatching the copies of the reports to the departments at the Secretariat level. This explains the callousness and casual approach of the then Congress government, which promised in the poll manifesto on the eve of 2004 Assembly elections to implement the G.O No. 610 in letter and spirit.Except for the Home Ministry, all other ministries and departments have maintained stoic silence on the issue and not taken any action on the Girglani Commission report. TNGOs Union allege that as many as 60,000 non-locals from other regions are working in various departments in Telangana region in violation of Six Point Formula, Presidential Order and G.O No. 610(from 1975 onwards). The Joint Action Committee of Unions of Telangana Employees, Teachers and Workers puts the figure at two lakhs(from November 1, 1956). Girglani Commision did not endorse or disapprove these figures. But the fact that not even one-third of the 134- odd departments furnished data to Girglani Commission tells the gravity of the neglect and discrimination Telangana people were meted out. If all the departments had extended their full cooperation, the Commission would have brought to light startling facts on the injustice meted out to Telangana since the formation of Andhra Pradesh. The Commission has brought out as many as 150 different types of deviations or ‘maladies’ which have occurred over the years, covering the tenures of many regimes. Moreover, the Commission has given its findings and suggested appropriate remedial action for each specific deviation. The Commission has suggested that there should be a system of fixing responsibility and taking disciplinary action, including initiating criminal proceedings against the violators, in the case of deviations from the Presidential Order. Though the government approved the Report, its recommendations were never taken seriously to initiate any concrete action. Once again people of Telangana could not help but feel betrayed.
History of Violation and Broken Promises
“Naa Telangana koti ratanala veena”, said Dasaradhi Krishnamacharya. The lute was kept silent for 40 long years. But on 29th November 2009, Osmania University, which symbolizes the conscience of Telangana, resumed the symphony. The students of the university were lathi-charged when they were protesting the Government’s decision to forcibly end a declared fast-unto-death by K.Chandra Shekhar Rao, Telangana Rashtra Samithi President and Member of Parliament from Mahaboobnagar constituency. The huge police build-up, a day before, at the proposed site for the fast, at the TRS’ north Telangana Head Quarters in Karimnagar and all over Telangana in general, already made the students restive. The lathi-charge only added fuel to the flames! But every lathi-blow on students produced one single scream – JAI TELANGANA. Unintentionally, the police made the dormant lute active. Once again it reverberates, reverberates now to produce notes that signal the end of an experiment called Andhra Pradesh!!!
There are two popular interpretations for the word Telangana. One – Telangana is the distorted form of Trilinga + 'aane'. Trilinga symbolizing three famous Shiva pilgrim places – Srisailam(in Kurnool district), Draksharamam(in East Godavari district) and Kaleshwaram (in Karimnagar district) – and 'aane' meaning region. Two – Telangana emerged from ‘Telang’ or ‘Tilang’ + nadu. Telang or Tilang is how Muslim rulers called Telugu and nadu is an administrative unit. Hence, either way, Telangana is the ‘land where Telugus live’.
There are two popular interpretations for the word Telangana. One – Telangana is the distorted form of Trilinga + 'aane'. Trilinga symbolizing three famous Shiva pilgrim places – Srisailam(in Kurnool district), Draksharamam(in East Godavari district) and Kaleshwaram (in Karimnagar district) – and 'aane' meaning region. Two – Telangana emerged from ‘Telang’ or ‘Tilang’ + nadu. Telang or Tilang is how Muslim rulers called Telugu and nadu is an administrative unit. Hence, either way, Telangana is the ‘land where Telugus live’.
Fazal Ali Commission's Recommendations
The formation of separate Andhra State gave stimulation to the demand for the creation of other linguistic states in India. Central government, in August 1953, decided to set up States Reorganisation Commission (SRC) under the Chairmanship of Fazl Ali. The three-member Commission also had H.N.Kunzru and K.M.Panikker as its members. After elaborate discussions with different organizations, individuals and leaders, SRC submitted its report in October 1955. One must understand Fazl Ali Commission’s report so as to understand why the experiment of Andhra Pradesh has been such a mess. The Commission favoured breaking up of Hyderabad state on the linguistic lines. Excerpts from the report:
“The advantages of a larger Andhra State including Telangana are that it will bring into existence a State of about 32 millions with a considerable hinterland, with large water and power resources, adequate mineral wealth and valuable raw materials. This will also solve the difficult and vexing problem of finding a permanent capital for Andhra, the twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad are very well suited to be the capital of Vishalandhra.
“At the same time, we have to take note of the important fact that, while opinion in Andhra is overwhelmingly in favour of the larger unit, public opinion in Telangana has still to crystallize itself. Important leaders of public opinion in Andhra themselves seem to appreciate that the unification of Telangana with Andhra, though desirable, should be based on a voluntary and willing association of the people and that it is primarily for the people of Telangana to take a decision about their future.
“The advantages of a larger Andhra State including Telangana are that it will bring into existence a State of about 32 millions with a considerable hinterland, with large water and power resources, adequate mineral wealth and valuable raw materials. This will also solve the difficult and vexing problem of finding a permanent capital for Andhra, the twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad are very well suited to be the capital of Vishalandhra.
“At the same time, we have to take note of the important fact that, while opinion in Andhra is overwhelmingly in favour of the larger unit, public opinion in Telangana has still to crystallize itself. Important leaders of public opinion in Andhra themselves seem to appreciate that the unification of Telangana with Andhra, though desirable, should be based on a voluntary and willing association of the people and that it is primarily for the people of Telangana to take a decision about their future.
“A further point to be borne in mind is that the State of Andhra was brought into existence only recently and has still not got over the stress of transition… Integration of Telangana with Andhra at this stage is, therefore, likely to create administrative difficulties both for Andhra and Telangana.
“After taking all these factors into consideration we have come to the conclusion that it will be in the interests of Andhra as well as Telangana, if for the present, the Telangana area is to constitute into a separate State, which may be known as the Hyderabad State with provision for its unification with Andhra after the general elections likely to be held in or about 1961 if by a two thirds majority the legislature of the residuary Hyderabad State expresses itself in favor of such unification.
“The advantage of this arrangement will be that while the objective of the unification of the Andhras will neither be blurred nor impeded during a period of five or six years, the two governments may have stabilized their administrative machinery… The intervening period may incidentally provide an opportunity for allaying apprehensions and achieving the consensus of opinion necessary for a real union between the two States. ”
Quite contrary to the SRC’s recommendation, the union Government succumbed to the pressures of leaders from coastal Andhra. There was intense politicking of forces fighting for separate Telangana state and those for merger of Telangana with Andhra. Political manipulations and behind the screen moves led to unexpected twists in Telangana history. Burgula Ramakrishnarao, Chief Minister of Hyderabad who was a strong advocate of separate Telangana state surprisingly gave consent in favour of the merger at the Chief Ministers’ conference held in New Delhi on October 22, 1955 and gradually forces insisting on unification gained strength. In such circumstances, as a last resort, an idea of safeguards was mooted by Telangana leaders so that the merger becomes conditional.
Gentlemen's Agreement - Neither 'gentle' nor an 'agreement'!
Gentlemen’s Agreement comprising 14 points was signed at Hyderabad House in Delhi on 20 February, 1956 by Bezawada Gopal Reddy (Chief Minister), Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy (Deputy Chief Minister), Gouthu Lachanna (Minister), and Aluuri Satyanarayana Raju (President, Provincial Congress Committee) from Andhra and Burgula Ramakrishna Rao (Chief Minister), Konda Venkata Ranga Reddy (Minister), Marri Chenna Reddy (Minister), J V Narsing Rao (President, Provincial Congress Committee) from Telangana. None of the promises were implemented except minor ones like the formation of Telangana Regional Committee in 1957. Every care was taken to make TRC toothless and all the recommendations of the TRC for development of the region were neglected.
In fact, the constitution of the ‘Gentlemen’ in self is a case to question. It is understandable that it included respective Chief Ministers and Cabinet Ministers from both regions. However, it is questionable why the chiefs of respective PCCs were chosen for this important Agreement. Let alone representatives of dozens of political and social formations from both regions, even the Leaders of Opposition in both state legislatures were not included. The issue of merger of two regions with crores of people was confined to Congress politicians alone. This casual and big-brotherly attitude of Congress party shows the scant respect it accorded to the real people’s aspirations. The ruling party seemed to restrict the integration to be an in-house affair only. And since the Congress treated the Agreement as its own internal matter, it could violate the Agreement without any compunction.
In fact, the constitution of the ‘Gentlemen’ in self is a case to question. It is understandable that it included respective Chief Ministers and Cabinet Ministers from both regions. However, it is questionable why the chiefs of respective PCCs were chosen for this important Agreement. Let alone representatives of dozens of political and social formations from both regions, even the Leaders of Opposition in both state legislatures were not included. The issue of merger of two regions with crores of people was confined to Congress politicians alone. This casual and big-brotherly attitude of Congress party shows the scant respect it accorded to the real people’s aspirations. The ruling party seemed to restrict the integration to be an in-house affair only. And since the Congress treated the Agreement as its own internal matter, it could violate the Agreement without any compunction.
Due to historical reasons, Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema got earlier access to irrigation, administrative centres, urbanization, industrialization, education and medical facilities than other regions. Therefore there would be time lag and other regions, in our case Telangana, require special focus, assistance and will to develop on par with developed regions. In modern times it is administrative policies that have significant role in bridging this gap. Access to modern facilities in a region juxtaposed with the lack of it in another region within the area ruled by a single government indicates relative and differentiated or discriminated importance of state policy. Newly educated sections and elite groups emerge from regions that have educational opportunities earlier than other owing to the development activities in general and proliferation of agricultural modernization leading to surplus and industrial opportunities. The former elites gain power to dominate in regions that have growth of elites at a later stage. Elite groups intervene in decision making processes, allotment of resources, formulation and implementation of policies, government jobs, and designing of development schemes to secure a larger share for their region at the cost of others. Already existing inequalities due to historical factors are thus perpetuated by intervention of the elites from developed regions.
And hence, violations started the very moment the promises were made and Agreements were signed. As per the Gentlemen’s Agreement, there should be a Deputy Chief Minister from Telangana if the Chief Minister happens to be from the coastal Andhra or Rayalaseema and vice versa. It is shocking to note that the very first government did not have a Deputy CM. N.Sanjeeva Reddy the first CM of the integrated Andhra Pradesh, who earlier worked as a Deputy CM in T.Prakasam’s government calls the post as ‘sixth finger’ (supernumerary finger) and hence redundant. Another provision is that two out of the following portfolios should be assigned to Ministers from Telangana: Home, Finance, Revenue, Planning & Development and Commerce & Industry. Desapati Srinivas of Telangana Vidyavantula Vedika (Telangana Intellectuals Forum) says, revealingly, that Home Ministry and Irrigation Ministry almost always had a Telanganite as Head. He alleges – ‘One (Irrigation Minister) sits there silently as a spectator, as the water that rightfully belongs to Telangana is diverted to coastal Andhra & Rayalaseema and the other (Home Minister) points the gun at those who question this!’
Mulki Rules' and Murkiness Rules
To safeguard the interests of the employees of Telangana region, Gentlemen’s Agreement spells out that there should be some kind of domicile rules in order to secure their rightful share i.e. 40% as per the population, in recruitment of services for Telangana region. This arrangement is just a continuation of already existing arrangement known as ‘Mulki Rules’. Mulki (a local) rules had come into force by a ‘firman’ of the Nizam in the erstwhile Hyderabad State in 1919. The rules debarred non-Mulkis from appointment to any superior or inferior service without specific sanction of the Nizam. In Urdu, ‘mulk’ referred to a nation and the residents were ‘Mulkis’. Mulki Rules were violated even before the Gentlemen’s Agreement and the formation of Andhra Pradesh. As early as in 1952, people of Hyderabad had revolted against ‘alien’ rule. Six students laid down their lives in the anti-non-Mulki agitation. However, after the integration of Telangana and Andhra states, non-Mulkis flooded into government service in Telangana. The government claimed the educational backwardness in Telangana made the filling of posts with qualified non-Mulkis and when steps were taken to expand education it was inevitable that a large number of non-Mulki teachers had to be imported in the first instance. This did not satisfy the Mulkis and the consequent resentment was so rife that in 1959, central government promulgated Andhra Pradesh Public Employment (Requirement as to Residence) Rules - in accordance with The Public Employment (Requirement as to Residence) Act, 1957 - providing that 15 years continuous residence would be required for appointment to government jobs. But the Rules provided loopholes and false Mulki certificates were obtained in good scores. The influx of non-Mulkis never stopped. Another problem, as feared by the Fazal Ali Commission, surfaced due to hasty integration of administrative machineries of Andhra and Hyderabad states. Administrators at all levels in Andhra had been better qualified and less well paid than their equivalents in Hyderabad state. After the state formation, Hyderabadi employees were put on a lower salary scales than previously, their prospects of promotion impaired, a large proportion of the more important positions in Telangana were filled by people from coastal and Rayalaseema districts.
Imagine if for convenience, during the time of US Independence they had decided to have only 6 states in the new Union by merging the erstwhile 13 independent nations into groups. Imagine Massachusetts was combined with Connecticut to form a new state. If, after 50 years of trying to make the new combined state work, they realize that it is not working out. They want to separate again. Would Boston that was part of Massachusetts go to Connecticut for any reason? Or would it remain with Massachusetts?
Any observer would easily conclude that Boston would go with Massachusetts. However that's not how Andhra-Rayalaseema is arguing right now. When Andhra Pradesh was formed, Telangana brought Hyderabad into the state and now when it wants to move out because the marriage of convenience has not worked out they are being deprived of Hyderabad.
Imagine Churchill saying to Indians, you can have India but not New Delhi, because we have invested too much in it. Or imagine Pakistanis claiming New Delhi with an 'almost' perfectly reasonable argument that they are inheritors of the legacy and tradition of Mughal Empire - that they invested in heavily and built the city of New Delhi and also contributed to taxes that British used to build Lutyens' New Delhi.
Hypothetically let's imagine a situation where in Karnataka is now divided into north and south Karnatakas for whatever reason. Any observer with iota of intelligence would conclude that Bangalore would go to South Karnataka. His logic would be simple - historically and geographically Bangalore was always an integral part of South Karnataka. Now, imagine the residents of Bangalore, comprising huge chunk of Telugus, Malayalis, Tamils and even North Karnataka people who claim that they are actually in majority, protesting against this. They say, they don't want the IT and biotech to slowdown in the city, and that they are completely averse to be part of the petty politics that is dividing this state. They decide not to get involved. Instead, they say, they want to opt out of this divisive politics and convert their city into a Union Territory depriving both regions of the city.
Imagine Gujaratis claiming Bombay city for themselves at the time of separation in 1960 claiming they have invested heavily into Bombay for centuries. Or imagine the immigrants of Mumbai converting the city into Union Territory depriving the Marathis of the city claiming it is a cosmopolitan city and financial capital of India. Imagine the immigrants depriving the Bengalis of Kolkata.
That's what is happening in Telangana now.
The Telangana region, with Hyderabad deeply embedded inside it geographically, being part of its culture and historical heritage, being its capital city, joined Andhra Pradesh reluctantly and now it wants to opt out after the 50 year marriage failed. It's not like Telangana sprung a surprise of separation. Starting from the formation of the state itself it has made many protests through various forums, including protests of 1950s, agitation of 1969, elections of 1971 and through election manifestos in 1990s.
The current situation in Andhra-Rayalaseema
These protests that are being carried out in Andhra for 'Samaikya Andhra' sound hollow. When we want to move out of the marriage there is no fun if you keep holding us back. We have been giving you enough feelers for the last sixty years for you to understand we are not happy with the marriage. Time and again you have come up with terms of reconciliation which have failed only because those terms were never implemented - they just remained hollow promises. We want to move out of this relationship but you are not able to understand and appreciate our position.
Why are you imposing yourself onto us when we want to live our lives separately? Can't you be mature enough to let us go?
The relationship is already sour. Delaying this inevitable separation is only going to make it bitter and if prolonged it is going to make it venomous for all of us. As mature individuals we should decide part ways and stay friends.
There are many immigrants in this country in various cities. Tamils and Gujaratis have made Mumbai their home. Telugus, Malayalees, Tamils have made Bangalore their home. But just because these cities have allowed other people to settle down in their cities should not start making these cities converted into Union Territories or being separated from their regions.
Such experiments have not worked out in history. Geographical continuity is as important as cultural and historical continuity. Berlin was lying in the midst of East Germany and yet some portion remained with West Germany. Billions of Dollars have been spent to keep the city that way and thousands lost their lives - in the end it was sheer waste and just a matter of pride and ego.
Rosaiah said that they would see if there is majority in the Assembly for Telangana. How long will the majority impose itself onto the minorities? Currently , there are 171 MLAs of Andhra and Rayalaseema easily outnumbering 123 MLAs of Telangana. Therefore it is clear there will be no majority. Is this how India is going to protect its minorities? By allowing the majority to vote against minority?
Imagine what must have happened in the past:
Who wants to build canal from Nagarjunasagar dam to Telangana? Say Yes, Say No. Good the majority doesn't want it.
Now, we have to establish 500 schools? Who says there should 450 in Andhra? Say Yes. Good the majority wants it.
Though this is an exaggeration to drive a point, it was not hard to imagine how this could have unfolded in the last fifty years. In 1950s and 1960s, Congress Party was dominant in Andhra and Rayalaseema because they were under British, while Communist Party was dominant in Telangana. Even if the voting in Assembly was along the party lines which is what happens in India, Telangana would lose out. In 1970s, corrupt MLAs, MPs and CMs of Telangana were brought in to sing the tune of national agenda to keep the state together. These leaders betrayed their own people again and again citing they didn't have enough power to wield. When the transparency was minimal, when the MLAs could be bought for a sum, when a region is already backward, Telangana MLAs were bought were a price and asked to sing the tune of united state.
Telangana lost out because it had to carry the burden of keeping the marriage working and pretending everything was alright while suffering and enduring discrimination all the while. Telangana lost out because the Indira Gandhi's Congress was not ready to create more states. Telangana lost out because they had to unnecessarily live with the tag of united Telugu when they were only concerned with their self-rule, self-expression and self-development.
We don't want continue with charade any longer. We don't want to be cowed down by the majority of Andhra-Rayalaseema. We just want to be on our own so that our politicians, however vile they are, are at least accountable to us. So that they spend the money they get in our region, even if they eat half of it, at least we get the other half. Self-rule, self-development and self-expression are more important to us than the unity under a tag called Telugu. This tag does not even make sense when many Telangana people actually feel that their language is treated inferiorly by their Andhra brothers.
People of Telangana were a reluctant party to this marriage from the beginning - now we want it to end. We want to go our separate way with our state. If Hyderabad happens to be part of our region, please live with it.
Has it always been about capital city?
Why do you have so much love for people of Telangana that you want stay united with us? Do you have love for us or just the love for our city of Hyderabad? Long ago, you vied the city of Chennai and try to get it from Tamils and you have failed. Now you want city of Hyderabad.
It's high time people of Andhra built their own capital city and I am quite sure they will build a city far bigger and better than Hyderabad - there is no doubt that people of Andhra are more educated, industrious and enterprising. They have a rich cultural heritage, a far better agriculture economy, much better land reforms, and far more business men. I actually believe this.
I am quite aware of inadequacies of Telangana people. We have to do a lot to overcome our weaknesses. But we want to do that on our own. Hope you understand that.
Politically a separate state of Telengana is needed. It is needed to attain peace and prosperity. Some people are of the false opinion that the development of the state will stop if we have a separate state, development and prosperity is no way linked to this. In the article '108 Facts about Telangana - need and justification' we can see the facts what we are lossing. Below are the few points ' Why we need separate state'
- The corruption levels in and around Hyderabad has increased 100% or even more in the past 7 years, due to the migration. There are Telengana and Andhra groups in every department of the government. The Andhra's moved ahead because of the cooperation among them and the feeling of oneness among them. This is clearly lacking with in us. The support for a separate state, this does not mean that asking the Andhra people to go away or leave their business behind. There is nothing stopping them to live in Hyderabad.
- We must also note the fact that all the agreements done at the time of merger of two regions in 1958 were deliberately ignored and Telangana (except hyderabad ) was pushed into poverty.
- The present agitation is not done alone by KCR or any political party; this is the inner feeling of any Telengana fellow living in Hyderabad. This is massive agitation done voluntarily by students, lawyers, doctors and all the sections of people. Its high time that Telangana be declared as saperate state
- Linguistic state means that all the people possessing same language should be in one region, but it does not mean that they all should be in a same state, and this is not possible. Separation is the democratic desire. Being united forcefully is imperialism. Today, all over the country wave/demand for small states has cropped up. This legitimate fight for creation of TELENGANA with Hyderabad as its capital, within the legal confines of Indian Constitution, has had a voice since the time of Indian Independence.
- The 400 years of existence as a separate entity ( Hyderabad State ) under the rule of Nizam, before independence, automatically grants us the right to demand a separate state.
- 10 out of these 15 chief ministers till date have come from the non-Telengana regions of Andhra Pradesh either from Rayalseema and Coastal Andhra Pradesh. The last chief minister from the Telangana region was in power as far back as 1990's. While the dominance of chief ministers from the non-Telangana regions has always been there and this is the reason why except for capital city of Hyderabad none of the other Telegnaga regions have improved. This clearly shows that the Telegana movement is not hollow.
- Nagarjuna Sagar dam lies in Telangana region. While the original plan included two canals, one to arid and dry Telangana, and the other to the fertile and inundated Andhra region, only one canal was constructed towards Andhra region, while Telangana continued to remain arid, dry and impoverished. All the recommendations that forced the government to construct the new canal were struck down by the majority and partisan Andhra leaders. The coal mines and power plant of Singareni lie in Telangana region, but the backward districts of Telangana get no power. There are thousands of villages and towns in Telangana where they get two hours of power during entire summer, while people of Andhra experience small inconveniences.
- With examples like this discrimination is seen in irrigation, in industry, in roads, in canals, in dams, in energy, in education and in employment.
- There was consistent and methodical discrimination against people of Telangana for all these years. Newer generation of Andhra and Rayalaseema who had no role in this discrimination find it hard to understand why Telangana people protest for a new state. They have absolutely no idea what has happened in the past and see the present situation in isolation and conclude that Telangana people are brainwashed by their wily and cunning politicians.
# Why a separate Telangana? Aren't you happy being part of Andhra Pradesh?
History: In 1947, India got Independence . In 1948, Indian Army ousted Nizam of Hyderabad to include Hyderabad and its regions into India . In 1953, Andhra was formed (from Madras State ) as a state under Reorganization of States based on linguistic lines. In 1956, Telangana was merged with Andhra though there was a demand for a separate state of Telangana. In 1956, there were protests in Hyderabad for Telangana which was quelled by police killing some of the protestors. Ther reasons for separate Telangana are plenty. The outline of some of them here:
- Telangana is less developed compared to Andhra.
- Rivers like Krishna and Godavari flow through Telangana, but the water from the dams are sent to Andhra.
- Because of less literacy and backwardness of Telangana people, most of the new jobs, postings in government and education are given to people from Andhra.
- Except for common language, the people of Andhra and Telangana have different dialects, histories, cultural systems, different food habits
In 1969, there was a major revolt in Telangana region by students, professors, government employees, politicians and many others demanding a separate state. The movement was quashed- many were jailed. Some of the politicians got reassurances and politicians from central leaders to some of their demands and everything was hushed up. Over the last thirty years, none of those reassurances and promises was kept. Some of those assurances were turned down by the court as well. The region is still reeling under strong Andhra influence in all phases of social, educational, economic and cultural life. There is a renewed struggle for a separate state now. TRS is a political party which is exploiting this sentiment.
# Aren't Naxalites fighting for Telangana using guns?
No. Naxalites have a different agenda. They fight for achieving equal social and economic status through redistribution of wealth and land, and offering justice and opportunity to the backward classes. Their fight is seen wherever there is poverty and inequality in wealth- like Orissa, Chattisgarh, Karnataka, etc (most of these regions happen to be under Nizam before Independence ) and is not confined to Telangana alone.
# How will a new state benefit people of Telangana?
- Right now the coal is mined and electricity is produced in Telangana but most of it is supplied to Andhra region, while districts of Medak and Adilabad have four hours of electricity during the day during summer. In the new state, these districts will be fed with electricity.
- The rivers of Krishna and Godavari flow through Telangana, and the dams are in Telangana, but the canals carrying the water go to Andhra. In the new state, there would be new canals bringing water to the arid regions of Telangana bringing in prosperity to the farmers and local population.
- Most of the jobs, in government and education, are filled up by people from Andhra. In the new state, these jobs will go the local population.
# Did the other new states benefit?
Yes. Uttaranchal has introduced many sops for new industries because of which many industries are being set up in that state. Chattisgarh has opened up its university to many people from India and is now for the first time introducing electricity to the interior regions. Jharkand which supplied Bihar with most of the raw materials now has its own industry and income.
# What is the rationale for new states?
When one state has two economically and culturally different regions, one being prosperous and the other backward, if corrective measures are not taken to uplift that backward region, there is a great danger that only the prosperous region gets all the attention, funding, new industries, canals, and opportunities, while the people of backward region keep losing out, even in their own region. When such a condition prevails far too long, strong corrective measures are to be taken, and if that does not work, a new state is one of the best solutions.
FAQ
Why are we hearing separate Telangana slogan again?
The demand for a separate state of Telangana isn't new. Telanganites have very clearly expressed their opposition a decade before Andhra Pradesh was formed. They reasoned that in a united Andhra Pradesh they will not get justice. Even after five decades, this demand is continuing. The reason for this is the experience of past 48 years that justice will not be done to Telangana and belief that it will continue to be denied to Telanganites in united AP. (Please see pages112 -117 for historical facts).
Isn't Telangana slogan the creation of unemployed politicians?
Telangana demand is a peoples' movement born out of their problems. Are all the people robbed unabatedly, continuously for the 48-years and raising their voice again , unemployed political leaders? Who are the unemployed political Leaders? Are they the farmers that have been suffering for lack of drinking water, irrigations water, and cuts in electric supply? Are they the workers who lost their livelihood due to lack of new industries, and closure of existing industries? Are they the unemployed youth whose job opportunities are hijacked by outsiders? Are they the innumerable people who have been labeled and suppressed as terrorists because they raised their voice for Telangana? When people are subject to robbery and injustice and take to the streets, it is natural for leaders to enter the fray. Just because out of power politicians support Telangana statehood, does it stop being peoples' movement? In any movement, politicians in and out of power join in. Some even deceive and attempt to side line the movement, but they can't stop the movement. Movements continue until justice is served to the people. The educated that are the pillars of this movement aren't unemployed. They aren't even after employment for themselves.
Why didn't the Chief Ministers that came from Telangana area work to develop Telangana?
It is true that PV Narasimha Rao, Marri Chenna Reddy (twice), T. Anjiah from Telangana were Chief Ministers of AP. Altogether they were in power for 6-years in four terms. It is also true they haven't made any noticeable development of Telangana. Jalagam Vengal Rao was a settler. He never assimilated himself in Telangana. He is credited with the disservice to Telangana by extending Nagarjun Sagar left canal. Then what about, Rayala Seema? There were stalwarts from Rayala seems that were in power for twenty years. (N. Sanjeeva Reddy-2terms, Damodaram Sanjeeviah, K. Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy-2 terms, CB Naidu-2 terms). Why is Rayalaseema backward? Fact is they slaved for the Coastal Andhra wealth and the privileged few of these wealthy that control the politics of the state. Fazal Ali commission recognized the consequences of mixing a developed area with a backward area and recommended that Telangana be kept as a separate state. If this country's politicians had the wherewithal to listen to the wise men, we wouldn't be in this situation!
Isn't it detrimental to Indian national unity if small states are continuously created?
Out of the 35 states currently in India (28 states and 7 central possessions), 70% are smaller than Telangana. Telangana's population is 30 million plus. There are 25 states that are smaller than Telangana. If these twenty-five don't cause national unity issues, why would creation of a larger state be any dangerous? (See P119-120 for details)
What would you do if the backward districts in Telangana want a separate state of their own after formation of Telangana state?
Backwardness of Telangana is a major reason for the Telangana state demand but not the sole reason. All ten Telangana districts have same historical background, geographic closeness, cultural commonality, language unity, and mutual understanding among the people. These factors are all foundation for unity of thought. Never did the people of Telangana districts express a desire or sentiment to be separate from the rest of the districts directly or indirectly. There isn't an opportunity for such either. In our country there are some other backward districts in various states. Are they all demanding a separate statehood? It is meaning less and baseless argument.
Why do people with one language need two states?
If one language, one state is the norm, why do we have 9-Hindhi speaking states? Next to Hindi, Telugu is the most spoken language in India. What is wrong with having two states that speak Telugu? Some people claim that Telangana Telugu isn't the proper Telugu. Some others say it isn't even Telugu. Why should these people that make fun of Telangana language and ridicule its culture should be objecting if Telangana is separate state?
Isn't a separate state, a nation dividing, people separating, demand?
If the desire of a people of a region to have their own state is a divisive act, then all states formation is a divisive act. In fact language based state formation itself is a divisive act. Same reasons that Potti Sriramulu the architect for separation of Andhra from Madras state, presented are the reasons Telanganites want their own state. The same argument used by the Andhras in the past is used by Telanganites now. If it was not an objectionable demand then how could it be objectionable now?
How long should states division continue?
Staes re-organization is a continuing activity in India. Even before Fazal Ali commission this process has started, Example: Formation of Andhra, split from Madras. It has been continuing ever since, Ex: Eastern states division, Maharastra,Gujrath, Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jarkhand, Uttaranchal, Chattisghad. Why should there be any objections for Telangana formation when there were no such objections for these states formation?
There are other backward areas in the state. Why should only Telangana people have a separate state of their own?
Just as Telangana, Rayalaseema and north Andhra have been discriminated. True. But, additionally Telangana has been systemically robbed. Diversion of this regions natural resources, water, under ground resources and their income to other areas, the robbing of jobs from the region's people, Colonization aren't directed at other areas. Additionally the Telanganites have been subject to ridicule with respect to the language and the politicians have been looked down upon to the extent they lost their own self image. To preserve their self respect and to protect their region's natural resources, people of Telangana want their own state.
The demand for a separate state of Telangana isn't new. Telanganites have very clearly expressed their opposition a decade before Andhra Pradesh was formed. They reasoned that in a united Andhra Pradesh they will not get justice. Even after five decades, this demand is continuing. The reason for this is the experience of past 48 years that justice will not be done to Telangana and belief that it will continue to be denied to Telanganites in united AP. (Please see pages112 -117 for historical facts).
Isn't Telangana slogan the creation of unemployed politicians?
Telangana demand is a peoples' movement born out of their problems. Are all the people robbed unabatedly, continuously for the 48-years and raising their voice again , unemployed political leaders? Who are the unemployed political Leaders? Are they the farmers that have been suffering for lack of drinking water, irrigations water, and cuts in electric supply? Are they the workers who lost their livelihood due to lack of new industries, and closure of existing industries? Are they the unemployed youth whose job opportunities are hijacked by outsiders? Are they the innumerable people who have been labeled and suppressed as terrorists because they raised their voice for Telangana? When people are subject to robbery and injustice and take to the streets, it is natural for leaders to enter the fray. Just because out of power politicians support Telangana statehood, does it stop being peoples' movement? In any movement, politicians in and out of power join in. Some even deceive and attempt to side line the movement, but they can't stop the movement. Movements continue until justice is served to the people. The educated that are the pillars of this movement aren't unemployed. They aren't even after employment for themselves.
Why didn't the Chief Ministers that came from Telangana area work to develop Telangana?
It is true that PV Narasimha Rao, Marri Chenna Reddy (twice), T. Anjiah from Telangana were Chief Ministers of AP. Altogether they were in power for 6-years in four terms. It is also true they haven't made any noticeable development of Telangana. Jalagam Vengal Rao was a settler. He never assimilated himself in Telangana. He is credited with the disservice to Telangana by extending Nagarjun Sagar left canal. Then what about, Rayala Seema? There were stalwarts from Rayala seems that were in power for twenty years. (N. Sanjeeva Reddy-2terms, Damodaram Sanjeeviah, K. Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy-2 terms, CB Naidu-2 terms). Why is Rayalaseema backward? Fact is they slaved for the Coastal Andhra wealth and the privileged few of these wealthy that control the politics of the state. Fazal Ali commission recognized the consequences of mixing a developed area with a backward area and recommended that Telangana be kept as a separate state. If this country's politicians had the wherewithal to listen to the wise men, we wouldn't be in this situation!
Isn't it detrimental to Indian national unity if small states are continuously created?
Out of the 35 states currently in India (28 states and 7 central possessions), 70% are smaller than Telangana. Telangana's population is 30 million plus. There are 25 states that are smaller than Telangana. If these twenty-five don't cause national unity issues, why would creation of a larger state be any dangerous? (See P119-120 for details)
What would you do if the backward districts in Telangana want a separate state of their own after formation of Telangana state?
Backwardness of Telangana is a major reason for the Telangana state demand but not the sole reason. All ten Telangana districts have same historical background, geographic closeness, cultural commonality, language unity, and mutual understanding among the people. These factors are all foundation for unity of thought. Never did the people of Telangana districts express a desire or sentiment to be separate from the rest of the districts directly or indirectly. There isn't an opportunity for such either. In our country there are some other backward districts in various states. Are they all demanding a separate statehood? It is meaning less and baseless argument.
Why do people with one language need two states?
If one language, one state is the norm, why do we have 9-Hindhi speaking states? Next to Hindi, Telugu is the most spoken language in India. What is wrong with having two states that speak Telugu? Some people claim that Telangana Telugu isn't the proper Telugu. Some others say it isn't even Telugu. Why should these people that make fun of Telangana language and ridicule its culture should be objecting if Telangana is separate state?
Isn't a separate state, a nation dividing, people separating, demand?
If the desire of a people of a region to have their own state is a divisive act, then all states formation is a divisive act. In fact language based state formation itself is a divisive act. Same reasons that Potti Sriramulu the architect for separation of Andhra from Madras state, presented are the reasons Telanganites want their own state. The same argument used by the Andhras in the past is used by Telanganites now. If it was not an objectionable demand then how could it be objectionable now?
How long should states division continue?
Staes re-organization is a continuing activity in India. Even before Fazal Ali commission this process has started, Example: Formation of Andhra, split from Madras. It has been continuing ever since, Ex: Eastern states division, Maharastra,Gujrath, Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jarkhand, Uttaranchal, Chattisghad. Why should there be any objections for Telangana formation when there were no such objections for these states formation?
There are other backward areas in the state. Why should only Telangana people have a separate state of their own?
Just as Telangana, Rayalaseema and north Andhra have been discriminated. True. But, additionally Telangana has been systemically robbed. Diversion of this regions natural resources, water, under ground resources and their income to other areas, the robbing of jobs from the region's people, Colonization aren't directed at other areas. Additionally the Telanganites have been subject to ridicule with respect to the language and the politicians have been looked down upon to the extent they lost their own self image. To preserve their self respect and to protect their region's natural resources, people of Telangana want their own state.
Instead of asking for a separate state, why can't you fight for development within the frame work of united AP?
The promises of Telangana development have been made for the past 48 years in united AP. Before and after the formation of AP, Which promises were kept? Which agreements were respected? Which projects were implemented? Which principles were they bound to? From the first day of AP formation, till to-day, agreements are being broken. What were the united AP wishers do? Did they even express any concerns? How long should the Telangana people bear this and put up with this injustice?
Isn't separate Telangana state an anti-Andhra people's movement?
Emphatically, no. Telangana people don't bear any animosity against the coastal Andhra or Rayalaseema people or the ordinary migrants from those areas to Telangana. Telangana people's anger is with: The rulers that are raping Telangana resources. With their supporters in Andhra and also from Telangana. Those that came to Telangana and think they are the rulers of Telangana. Those that control the state Government with their financial strength and rob Telangana. Those that ridicule, Telangana language, culture and their mannerisms. All those that become a part of Telangana and share in the happiness and sorrow of Telangana with the locals are welcomed and, respected and loved.
What is there to be gained by the SC, ST and weaker sections in separate Telangana?
What did these groups gain in united AP in 48 years? Apart from Sanjeeviah being CM for few months, when did any of these classes have any power? What is the status of these peoples leadership? What is the attitude of current Congress, BJP, both the communist parties, TDP? Not only the weaker sections, even the forward classes of Telangana, do they have any opportunity to exert any real power? For these classes to gain power they have to become active. For the past few years these people are rising, becoming active. No matter how active they become, in the united AP, not only these but other classes of people will also not progress. At least the forward class in Telangana have come to realization that it is unavoidable in the society for all people to a rightful share in the political power. Because of this there is opportunity in Separate Telangana for true democracy represented by all people, to prevail.
Andhras have built Hyderabad. Is it fair to ask them to leave it now?
Hyderabad was a beautiful city built by Nizam on the sweat of Telangana villagers. One of the reasons Andhras eyed Telangana was Hyderabad- a ready made beautiful Capitol city. It was fifth largest city before AP was formed and it still is fifth largest city. If Andhras contributed to Hyderabad, it was not out of love for Telangana but was for the convenience of the rich Andhras that have made Hyderabad their home. Hydearabd is still growing but not from Andhras coming to settle but from the middle classes and forward classes of Telangana moving to the city for security and for services and livelihood, as the village economy in Telangana is all but destroyed by neglect of the ruling class, and failure of monsoons. Besides, nobody is asking anybody to leave any place. India is a free country and anybody can go and stay and pursue their livelihood anywhere in India. Hyderabad is a cosmopolitan city and people from many languages and all states of India call it their home. Also, this isn't a separation of people like Pakistan and India. It is merely a separation of political and administrative machinery so people of Telangana can control their own destiny. The settlers are welcome to stay, contribute and share in the success of Telangana
The promises of Telangana development have been made for the past 48 years in united AP. Before and after the formation of AP, Which promises were kept? Which agreements were respected? Which projects were implemented? Which principles were they bound to? From the first day of AP formation, till to-day, agreements are being broken. What were the united AP wishers do? Did they even express any concerns? How long should the Telangana people bear this and put up with this injustice?
Isn't separate Telangana state an anti-Andhra people's movement?
Emphatically, no. Telangana people don't bear any animosity against the coastal Andhra or Rayalaseema people or the ordinary migrants from those areas to Telangana. Telangana people's anger is with: The rulers that are raping Telangana resources. With their supporters in Andhra and also from Telangana. Those that came to Telangana and think they are the rulers of Telangana. Those that control the state Government with their financial strength and rob Telangana. Those that ridicule, Telangana language, culture and their mannerisms. All those that become a part of Telangana and share in the happiness and sorrow of Telangana with the locals are welcomed and, respected and loved.
What is there to be gained by the SC, ST and weaker sections in separate Telangana?
What did these groups gain in united AP in 48 years? Apart from Sanjeeviah being CM for few months, when did any of these classes have any power? What is the status of these peoples leadership? What is the attitude of current Congress, BJP, both the communist parties, TDP? Not only the weaker sections, even the forward classes of Telangana, do they have any opportunity to exert any real power? For these classes to gain power they have to become active. For the past few years these people are rising, becoming active. No matter how active they become, in the united AP, not only these but other classes of people will also not progress. At least the forward class in Telangana have come to realization that it is unavoidable in the society for all people to a rightful share in the political power. Because of this there is opportunity in Separate Telangana for true democracy represented by all people, to prevail.
Andhras have built Hyderabad. Is it fair to ask them to leave it now?
Hyderabad was a beautiful city built by Nizam on the sweat of Telangana villagers. One of the reasons Andhras eyed Telangana was Hyderabad- a ready made beautiful Capitol city. It was fifth largest city before AP was formed and it still is fifth largest city. If Andhras contributed to Hyderabad, it was not out of love for Telangana but was for the convenience of the rich Andhras that have made Hyderabad their home. Hydearabd is still growing but not from Andhras coming to settle but from the middle classes and forward classes of Telangana moving to the city for security and for services and livelihood, as the village economy in Telangana is all but destroyed by neglect of the ruling class, and failure of monsoons. Besides, nobody is asking anybody to leave any place. India is a free country and anybody can go and stay and pursue their livelihood anywhere in India. Hyderabad is a cosmopolitan city and people from many languages and all states of India call it their home. Also, this isn't a separation of people like Pakistan and India. It is merely a separation of political and administrative machinery so people of Telangana can control their own destiny. The settlers are welcome to stay, contribute and share in the success of Telangana
- Catchment area of Krishna Basin
Rayalaseema - 18% Andhra - 13% Telangana - 69%
Allocation of Krishna water as per tribunal recommendation= Rayalaseema - 16% Andhra - 49% Telangana - 35% Actual utilization Rayalaseema - 13% Andhra - 87% Telangana - lessthan 1% - Godavari river catchment area
Andhra - 21% (310 TMC) Telangana - 79% (1170 TMC) Utilization of Godavari waters
Andhra - 23% (320 TMC i.e. 110% of allotted) Telangana - 9.6 % (143 TMC)
- 405 TMC is being diverted to Andhra via Polavaram project - Total loss of water share of Telangana merging with Andhra is 1125 TMC. With estimation of 1 TMC to serve 10,000 acres, total cultivation land Telangana lost is 11, 25,000 acres.
- There are 10 districts in Telangana, 9 in Andhra, 4 in Rayalaseema. Out of these 7 districts in Telangana, 3 in Andhra and 1 in Rayalaseema are considered severely backward districts which means 70% of districts in Telangana are backward while in Andhra - 35% and in Rayalaseema - 25% .
- 65% of Industries in Telangana are owned by Andhra. One Telangana person (close relative of Sri Jaipal Reddy) tried to start industry in west Godavari, he was harassed and tormented so much that he gave it up half way through.
- All Telangana region CM's combined tenure is hardly 6 years.
- From past 50 years AP got nearly 40 major projects in which 37 went to Seemandhra region
- Telangana side: - SLBC (30 TMC) not taken up - SLBC beyond Musi river (20 TMC) not taken up - RDS extension (10 TMC) not taken up - LIS to high level areas in Mahabubnagar not taken up - Bheema LIS 20 TMC under construction for many years Seemandhra side: - Telugu Ganga project (29 TMC) completed - SRBC (19 TMC) completed - KC canal extension completed (10 TMC) - Upland areas Brahmamgari matham reservoir (10 TMC) completed - SRBC beyond Gorakallu (20TMC) under construction - Puchintala evaporation losses (5 TMC) under construction - Veligonda not recommended project (40 TMC) almost completed - Handrineeva sujala sarvanthi not recommended (38 TMC) almost completed - Galerunagari sujala sravanthi not recommended (38 TMC) is under construction
- Pothireddypadu regulator was originally created for drinking water to Chennai with 5 TMC. Gradually 5 projects were 'piggy backed' & augmented to canal. In the name of Chennai drinking water, Rayalaseema leaders wanted to take away the entire waters of Srisailam reservoir.
- Veligonda project is being constructed on war footing basis. This will drain 60 TMC of water from Srisailam. This project is not allotted (water share by tribunal) and do not have clearance till now.
- Handrineeva Srujana Sravanthi, not allotted not cleared project is going on war footing now. It will run through chittoor via Anantapur.
- SLBC - Srisailam Left Bank Canal, despite of all recommendations, Clearances and permissions never started. This would have provided 30 TMC for 3 Lakh acres in Nalgonda district.
- Manuguru thermal power station proposed by Central govt due to proximity of coal mines was lobbied to be shifted to Vijayawada, transporting coal from telangana (singareni). This led to shortage of power due to pump set usage by Telangana farmers.
- Ramagundam super thermal power station (2500 MW) transferred to NTPC, crippling power ownership of state by which we get only 27% of power produced and rest is pooled in national grid.
- Dummugudem Hydal power station never even started construction - this remained a promise on paper.
- Icchampalli power (975 MW) project never started.
- Power regulatory mechanisms - 220 KV, 132 KV, 32 KV substations and lines never realized in Telangana region.
- If Mumbai is not a free-zone, Delhi is not a freezone, Kolkatta is not a freezone, Chennai is not a freezone, Pune is not a freezone . why should Hyderabad be a freezone ? Andhra enthusiasts hailing Hyd being a freezone, were demanding entire Telangana should be freezone.
- Telangana covers 41.7% area, Seemandhra 58.3% area. Telangana has 40.5% population, Seemandhra 59.5%. Telangana revenue is 53% to the state exchequer.
- 1953 Andhra Pradesh the area irrigated under TANKS in the Telangana 11 lakh acres. Now it is hardly 6.5 lakh acres.
- Andhra 9 districts - funds spent on education - Rs 1308.56 Crores Rayalaseema 4 dist - funds spent on education - Rs 382.87 Crores Telangana 10 districts - funds spent on education - Rs 163.39 Crores
- Literacy - Andhra (9 districts) 42%, Rayalaseema (4 districts) 38%, Telangana (10 districts) 30%
- Andhra 9 districts - schools 26,800 Rayalaseema 4 dist - schools 13,000 Telangana 10 dist - 17,954
- Hospitals Andhra (9 dist) 666, Rayalaseema (4 dist) 303, Telangana (10 dist) 270
- Total Govt employees - Seemandhra (13 districts) 9 lakhs, Telangana (10 dist) 3 lakhs
- IAS/IPS/IFS officers (civil services) - Andhra (9 dist) 225, Rayalaseema (4 dist) 50, Telangana (10 dist) 60
- Industries (small/medium/large) - Andhra (9 dist) 6,100, Rayalaseema (4 dist) 773, Telangana (10 dist) 1250
- Power Utilization Andhra (9 dist) 54% - Rayalaseema (4 dist) 23% - Telangana (10 dist) 23%
- Nagarjuna sagar project - Andhra submerged land = 0, cultilavation land 20 lakh acres. Telangana submerged land = 100%, cultivation land 4.5 lakh acres
- Polavaram project is submerging 250 small villages in Telangana, displacing 5 lakh tribal's are going to provide lakhs of acres cultivation land to Andhra
- Grant-in-aid Private Degree colleges Andhra (9 dist) - 96, Rayalaseema (4 dist) - 32, Telangana (10 dist) - 30
- There are more than 130 posts of heads of departments. Out of them only 7 or 8 are held by the officers belonging to the Telangana region.
- Sales Tax collection (2001- 2002) - Andhra 21%, Rayalaseema 5%, Telangana 74%
- Excise Collections (2001-2002) - Andhra 24%, Rayalaseema 10%, Telangana 66%
- APPSC - Andhra Pradesh public service commission board members so far, 8 from Andhra, 6 from Rayalaseema, 2 from Telangana.
- Telanganites constitutes 23% in all industries in Telangana area, 0% in Andhra, Rayalaseema area
- All housing board colonies in capital city - 93% people are from Seemandhra.
- Govt Libraries - Andhra (9 districts) 630, Rayalaseema (4 dist) 243, Telangana (10 dist) 450.
- In 70's - Jublee hills lands were purchased at Rs 105 per acre. Total acres 1400. All Telanganites living in that area were thrown out, jublee hills housing society did not have a single Telanganite.
- Panchayat Raj divisions - Andhra (9 dist) 883, Rayalaseema (4 dist) 342, Telangana (10 dist) 295.
- Most backward district in AP is Mahabubnagar, was granted 4% white ration cards. Most developed dist in AP is West Godavari dist was given 7% white ration cards.
- 100% power of Vizag thermal (simhadri) is being used for Andhra only, but 27% power of Ramagundam is being used for A.P.
- 82% of farmers are depending on private loans in Telangana
- If development was the justification for keeping an alien ruler in place, India should have never been free from British rule !
- There was no single drop of water in Palanadu 350yrs ago, it was like a desert. Now, entire Telangana canal irrigation land is less than Guntur dist alone.
- Rs 60 crores of surplus budget was the pride of Telangana in 1948. When Andhra state was formed - it had only 1 Crore in hand given by Madras govt, and Shri Raj Gopalachari said 'Get lost from here'.
- Dr.B.R.Ambedkar suggested Hyderabad second capitol of India. He said Hyderabad is better than Delhi.
- Government buys sugar cane from farmers (per quintal) in Andhra - Rs 1200, Telangana -Rs 890 Andhra lands are canal cultivated - Telangana depend on bore wells.
- Andhrites converted Telangana -WAKF lands in to revenue lands in the era of real-estate boom, Lanco is main culprit in this, remember Muslim brothers shouted 'go back' at Lagadapati ?
- 150 forts are about to ruin in the Telangana which were built by various dynasties. They are symbols of great cultural heritage.
- Hyd Central University is filled with Andhraits - every Central University in India has 60% reserved for local region. Except HCU.
- Pranahita project, there is no staff, no sufficient funding, don't even have proper office, but Andhra ruler says project will be completed 4yrs
- There are never any difficulties in construction of irrigation projects in Andhra. But why irregularities, corruption, delays in Telangana projects?
- Mahabubnagar 35lakhs population, migration 14 lakhs, 350km of Krishna stretch, there is no drinking water or irrigation water.
- How many JNTU colleges should be there in 10 dist of Telangana, if 2 are in 4 districts of Rayalaseema ?
- AP dairy buys milk from farmers from Andhra Rs 24.30, Telangana Rs 22.30
- 450 tribal villages, millions of tons of limestone, rich minerals, lot of natural biodiversity.are going to submerge if Polavaram project is built
- Telangana is bigger than 24 states. Total official countries in the world are 194. Telangana will be bigger than 160 countries.
- Seemandhra revenue 38.5% - Expenditure 49%, Telangana revenue 61.5% - Expenditure 51%
- Jallianwala bagh, General Dyer, 1919 yr - 379 shot dead. Telangana, Kasu Brahmananda Reddy, 1969 - 370 students shot dead.
- WHO declared Nalgonda dist affected with fluorisis so much that it is moving towards No Man Zone.
- While merging with Andhra leaders agreed to continue Mulki rules in Telangana. As per this 100% employees in Telangana should be from Telangana only.
- Nizam formulated mulki rules in 1919, a person to get job in they must be Telangana from 15yrs,but now Andhra rulers reduced the period to 4yrs.
- Seemandhrites got 28000 jobs in Telangana by getting bogus mulki certificates between 1956-1968. Between 1975 to 1985 again 58000 by violating presidential order.
- In 1969 students/employees agitated against 28000 jobs by Andhra. Andhra rulers killed 370
- In 1972, Andhra rulers managed to cancel supreme court judgment by parliament, then 6 point formula was introduced for jobs. As per this formula Telangana split into zone 5, zone 6.
- As per presidential order Telangana people should get reservation 80% dist posts,70% zonal posts, 60% Gazetted posts. Remaining 20%,30%,40% shall be open to other regions - what's happening now ?
- In 1985, 610 GO for transfer of 58000 employs from Telangana, but this GO is never implemented. That too 610 GO is restricted to 102 departments only, out of 250 govt departments.
- In 2001, Chandra Babu Naidu (CM) appointed Girglani Commission which submitted report in 2004, that 2 lakh Seemandhra employs are working in Telangana.
- Only 23% Singareni coal is used in Telangana. Remaining 77% is being drained out to other places.
- Per Capita Funds allocation to Student in universities. SV University - Rs. 37500, Andhra University - Rs 35500 SK University - Rs 25000, Nagarjuna University - Rs 22700 OU - Rs 17400, K.U - Rs 14000
- Cultivation land (Lakh Acres) Before 1956, Andhra 30.65, Telangana 18.20 In 2004, Andhra 69.27, Telangana 18.00
- Andhrites love for Hyd is like Pakistan's love for Kashmir. They are ready to go to any extent to capture it.
- Kothagudem thermal power station sabotaged on purpose to obtain repair contracts to Andhra contractors in 1978, this is confirmed in single man commission (Sundar Ramaiah commission - 1979)
- All APSEB scams occurred so far at high level in board are targeted towards Telangana power supply and distribution, never to Andhra or Rayalaseema region. Higher officials found guilty by Vimal Lal commission, the recommendation were never implemented.
- Technically it is possible to develop water grid to benefit Telangana, Rayalaseema and Andhra regions - it would match in comparison with Mississippi river water system (USA), Three Gorges river system (China), Nile river (Aswan dam) Africa and Rhine river system Europe. Similar models were conceived by intellectuals but are trashed by Andhra rulers and pseudo intellectuals because they will benefit Telangana.
- 1969 - after Jai Telangana movement 'All Party Accord' was formulated, scrapped within 6 months. Than 8-point formula, 5-point formula were announced. then supreme court upheld Mulki rules. Andhra elites could not digest it, launched Jai Andhra movement. Central govt yielded as usual to elites tactics, then 6-point formula. Even this is being violated royally many times, robbing Telangana its rightfulness.
- Nagarjuna Sagar initially meant to benefit Andhra and Telangana. Later on it is modified in such a way that 75% of the benefit is accruing to Andhra reducing the share of Telangana region to just 25%. Andhra settlers own 50% of these 25% utilization lands.
- Singur project was originally designed to meet primarily the irrigation needs of Medak and Nizamabad districts. But it is now solely used for meeting the requirements of capital city.
- Jurala Project which is the first project on river Krishna meant for Telangana, is the smallest of all the projects built on this river. The Bachawat Tribunal allocated just 17.5 TMC ft. water for this project, and the state government reduced its storage capacity to 60% ft. But the actual utilization so far has not been more than 10%
- Rajolibanda Diversion Scheme, was to irrigate 87500 acres in Mahabubnagar. The Bachawat Tribunal also allocated 15.90 TMC ft. of water for this project. This water has to pass through a canal in Raichur district of Karnataka State. After the formation of Andhra Pradesh landlords of Rayalaseema blasted the gates with bombs and diverted water to their land. Since then Govt never even tried to reconstruct the gates.
- Devadula Project, provides water for 5 lakh acres, was promised to be finished in 5 yrs in 2001, yet to begin work. The funniest fact is, Sriram sagar is yet to be completed for last 40 yrs which provides water for just 4 lakh acres. Telangana people are supposed to believe the promise.
- Two major projects proposed on river Godavari are Ichampally and Polavaram. Ichampally is meant for Telangana and Polavaram for Andhra. The irrigation potential of Polavaram Project would be 6 to 7 times more than the irrigation potential of Ichampally. Ichampally is going to be primarily a power project not a irrigation project !
- Andhra lands are irrigated by canal irrigation i.e. with tax payer's money. Andhra farmer pays Rs 200 - 300 per annum as water charges. Telangana lands are irrigated by bore wells, entire cost is on the farmer . Digging, power, bore well, motor, pipes. He struggles with fluctuations in power supplies with irregularities and pathetic power distribution pattern in Telangana.
- Technological University was actually started in Warangal but was shifted to Hyderabad, Open University was originally Nalgonda district but was later shifted Hyd. The same state level universities University of Health Sciences, Mahila University and the University of Dravidian Languages were allowed to stay in Seemandhra - not moved to Capital city.
- Twelve milk chilling plants established by the erstwhile Telangana Regional Committee in different parts of Telangana have been abruptly closed down showing lack of funds as a reason.
- Ramagundam is in heart of coal belt . Fertilizer plant is closed showing a
reason as poor quality of coal. NTPC is running with same coal, VTPS is
running with same coal. Subsequently, Fertilizer plants are started in Nellore
and Andhra - Based on the proportionality at least 40% of jobs, i.e. 6 lakhs, should have gone to Telangana. But the total number of jobs now occupied by them is less than 3 lakhs.
- 1972, PV Narasimha Rao made an attempt to implement the verdict of Supreme Court validating the Mulki Rules. The verdict was in favor of Telangana. Seemandhra gave outrageous reaction, he lost his Chief Ministership.
- If it is assumed that the leaders of a region becoming chief ministers can contribute to the development of that region, then why do the people of Rayalaseema complain of backwardness ?
- Daily wage workers working in industries - from Andhra (9 districts) 3.16 lakhs, from Rayalaseema (4 districts)- 0.7 lakhs, Telangana (10 district) 0.81 lakhs.
- Andhra controlled media never highlighted migration of 15 lakh people out of 24lakh population from Mahabubnagar due to draught conditions. T. Anjaiah CM of AP from Telangana region was presented as a buffoon in dailies and cartoons.
- At the time of merger Andhra leaders persuaded Telangana leaders by offering many safeguards against exploitation. They also passed a Unanimous Resolution' in November 1955 in Andhra Assembly in support of safeguards and subsequently they put these safeguards in an Agreement on 20th February. 1956 which is known as "Gentlemen's Agreement". All are trashed soon after the agreement is signed.
- Proportional representation says Telangana should get 42% jobs in the Secretariat, t only 9% are working now. How can a people representative, MLA, MLC can get a work done if 91% do not help ?
- Metro Rail project is being designed dilapidating 5000 shops, 2500 houses, 147 schools, 120 hospitals, 60 Temples/Masjid/Churches. Historical monuments will disappear. All shops and complexes throughout Metro rail route are with Seemandhra thugs.
- 1947 India got Independence. 1948 Indian Army did police action to dethrone Nizam. Hyd state existed from 1949 to 1956. Telangana merged with Andhra against its wishes in1956. Telangana has nothing to do with Potti Sriramulu.
- Telangana Sayudha Poratam, (Telangana armed struggle) was against Nizam facist rule, 4000 people died - inspired all subsequent land movements in West Bengal, Kerala and Tripura and paved way for formation of Communist governments in those States. This is never acknowledged by Seemandhra rulers so far.
- Despite 69% Krishna, 79% Godavari flows through Telangana, irrigation cost is Rs.1500/acre. 13% of Krishna, 21% Godavari flows through Andhra irrigation cost is Rs.150/acre.
- Per capita income of Madhya Pradesh: Rs 18,051. Chattisgarh formed in 2000. Per capita income of Chhattisgarh in 2008-09 - Rs. 29,621. Recently formed smaller states are catching up with Haryana is 71%, Himachal is 81% and Uttarakhand is 75% - now Jharkhand 58%, Chhattisgarh 63%. Also, Infant mortality UP 67%, Uttarakhand 44%.
- Yr 2008 Targeted growth rate & achieved: bigger states: MP 7% - 4.3%; UP 7.6% - 4.6%; Bihar 6.2% 4.7% smaller states: Chhattisgarh 6.1% - 9.2%; Jharkhand 6.9% - 11.1% Uttaranchal 6.8% - 8.8%
- Since 1956 to date, the additional irrigation potential created in Telangana is only 5%
- There are 10,000+ Industrial units in Telangana, 1200 are owned by Telanganites, 6500 are owned by Seemandhra, rest are by outsiders
- Proportionally Telangana should be given about 43% in budget allocation, Since 1953, it never exceeded 30%. Yet Telangana contributes 42% of revenue to the state exchequer.
- Nizamsagar was built in 1931 to serve Nizamabad and Medak about 2.7 lakh acres of land. It was neglected for maintenance and improvements, now satellite images prove that all its 83 tributaries, 243 distributaries have been silted up and eroded. World bank sanctioned 30 crores for the project, which was never spent. The project now going to be almost useless.
- In Andhra region every year two crops are cultivated because of water availability, in Telangana a single crop will be cultivated with great difficulty.
- Technical institutions wise, 26 are in Telangana, 54 are in Andhra. 20 polytechnics in Telangana, 70 in Andhra. 2 Medical colleges in Telangana, 6 in Andhra.
- British build Railways, Administrative Services, Post and Telegraph, installed democratic institutions, judiciary, rule of law, and built the cities of Kolkata, Mumbai and Chennai, and New Delhi. British did not claim any of these when they had to leave India. Seemandhra are making big hue and cry clamoring for Hyderabad claiming they have built the city. In 400 yrs of Hyderabad history, how many years did they contribute the 'development' ?
- Hyderabad - demographic expansion can never be considered as a development. It's natural growth. It is like a girl who is 10 yrs now will attain 15yrs of age after 5 yrs - can we call it development ? Also, its not just Hyd which is developed . all big/medium cities in India are in development path.
Telangana forms the core of the Satavahana Dynasty (221BC-218 AD) and in the recent history, it formed the core of the Golconda State and Hyderabad State, ruled by alien Muslim rules, Qutub Shahi Dynasty (1520-1687) and Nizam Dynasty (1724-1948), until she joined the democratic republic of Indian Union in 1948 ending hundreds of years of autocratic rule. Despite fifty-years of democratic rule, the Telangana region remains one of the most backward rgions in the entire Indian Union and remains the most backward province in the state of Andhra Pradesh. Telangana constitutes 10 districts: Adilabad, Karimnagar, Nizamabad, Medak, Warangal, Khammam, Hyderabad, Rangareddy, Nalgonda, and Mahaboobnagar districts.
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